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Another surprising security feature regarding docker is that it bypasses firewall rules.

https://oneuptime.com/blog/post/2026-03-02-ufw-docker-fix-by...


It doesn't bypass anything. UFW doesn't do what it promises. It claims to be a firewall but only manages a few specific chains.

Its funny that the article uses Wikipedia as an example, given it is a tool that always needs a caveat: "anyone can edit it, always use the source, never trust it directly."

There are many instances where I have seen Wikipedia have bias, or be misinformation.

AI just needs the caveat that it is not really intelligent, but a very good predictive text machine, which you should always ask to provide citations.


"Really not intelligent," yet capable of taking gold at international math and programming competitions. <img src=surejan.jpg>

The ability to solve maths problems still doesn't mean it is intelligent.

It doesn't know what it is doing.


Neither do we.

The CoC reminds me a lot of this quote by Sowell:

"...if the answer to the problem is that people should just be virtuous, then there is no problem, because we have known that for thousands of years."


Why did they need the spectrogram?


I'm only an ardent viewer of crash investigation stuff, not a pro, but it seems to be a good way to show specifics of warning noises, engine sounds, unusual cabin noises (if relevant) and sometimes even structural failures happening over time in a more direct way from the cockpit voice recorder without sharing the actual "audio".


A distressed airplane makes a lot of noises which are very difficult for the human ear to pick out and identify. For example, multiple closely-spaced bangs or rumbling noises will appear distinctly on a spectrogram but will be very hard to hear.


Basically they were just trying to track down weird noises on the recording. They also went and recorded audio on a similar UPS MD-11 to try to identify the source. According to the NTSB:

"This high pitch ringing sound, primarily noted at approximately 6.35 kHz, occurred at 17:13:05.5 EST, shortly after the aircraft rotated for takeoff, and continued with varying amplitude throughout the remainder of the recording. Additionally, a tone at about 2.1 kHz was present along with the ringing that could not be identified."


Where else would they get sounds from inside the cockpit that weren’t transmitted on the radio?


In the UK 30 people are arrested a day for social media posts online. Only about 10 percent resulting in convictions.

Police don't face criminal charges for this.

https://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/police-make-30-arr...


Note that the quoted laws also cover things that would be restraining or harassment orders in the USA.


[flagged]


No, that didn't happen. You're confusing two different events together.

The guy who posted the photo of brown skinned people with the "imagine the smell" comment was American and lost his job. The UK wasn't involved in any way. [0]

The comedian you might be thinking of is Graham Linehan - he was arrested for inciting violence against trans people and has a long string of twitter posts quoted as possible reasons. (and had a similar post with the comment of "a photo you can smell" but with a photo of a trans rights protest, so perhaps the origin of the confusion?).

[0] https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/indians-dogpile...


It is similar in Germany, where you can be arrested for simply posting an insult (non-violent) to a politician. No police will face charges if you aren't convicted. And you will NEVER get a settlement.

I don't know why HN has become full of authoritarian anti-free-speech apologists. The current political divisions are turning people insane.


I find it ironic; George Orwell was English!


That’s not Europe. They had a whole vote about it and everything!


Telegram creator arrested for the crimes of his users on his platform. He did not commit any of these crimes, he's being held as complicit, when every other social media giant is not being held to this standard, and its ridiculous to hold most platforms like this liable, unless it's the only thing they host.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrest_and_indictment_of_Pavel...


> when every other social media giant is not being held to this standard, and its ridiculous to hold most platforms like this liable, unless it's the only thing they host.

My guess is there's a little bit of confusion on why this happened on your part. If the government wanted to, they can and will go after the other platforms. But you see the other platforms aren't end to end encrypted and gladly give up the data to law enforcement. If they keep giving over the data, there is no risk of prosecution.


> the other platforms aren't end to end encrypted

This is false. Discord (Voice & Video), Facebook Messenger, iMessage (to the point law enforcement has to rely on "leaked" message contents from the phones notifications), WhatsApp, Signal, Viber, and plenty others. They all have end to end encryption in some way, shape or form. There's also Twitter / X that has this as well.


Europe is a continent which the UK is a part of.


It was a joke about Brexit. A joke about a joke, if you will.


this is false


What are these messages? Threatening your ex-wife? Plotting to commit arson? Or saying you don't like immigrants? They all fall under this umbrella, yet the vast majority of people would agree the first two are criminal in nature.


UK police aren't breaking laws by arresting people for those social media posts. They don't have free speech to begin with.


The UK has different speech laws than the United States. Presumably, the actions of the police making those arrests are within the scope of UK law. Even if 90% don't result in a conviction, the police may still be operating within the scope of their authority in those arrests.


[flagged]


Linehan was arrested for making this post:

> If a trans-identified male is in a female-only space, he is committing a violent, abusive act. Make a scene, call the cops and if all else fails, punch him in the balls

This seems like a straightforward call to violence to me. And he was released after police ascertained that he had no intent to act on these statements.

If someone made posts along the lines of "Christians are abusive, punch them" would it be surprising if CBP took them aside for further questioning?


The other context is also that Linehan was awaiting trial for harassment and criminal damage against a 17 year old transperson at the time. And that he ultimately didn't get charged for the tweets, and did get friends in high places to whinge at the police on his behalf


CBP, maybe not - there’s a lot more leeway for things that happen at the border, for better or worse.

But in general US law sets a high bar for claims of incitement. Your hypothetical statement would certainly be considered protected speech. That is, of course, not to say that you would not be a victim of vindictive prosecution ;)


yes, actually, it would be suprising if CBP took them aside for further questioning. That's not really how it's "supposed" to work.


Er, no, that's exactly how it's supposed to work: people who make violent threats have those threats more thoroughly assessed.


As a sign of how weakly I held that opinion I'll adopt yours. For the context of "incoming foreigner" your take seems correct


The suggestion that the actions within UK happen everywhere in Europe is just as misleading.


I don't think so. This is an interview with the German authorities: https://youtu.be/-bMzFDpfDwc


UK voted not to be a part of Europe. Well, at least the England part of the UK did.


[flagged]


Speak for yourself. I'd rather them be outside Europe as well, Scotland, Wales and Ireland can stay though.


You are making a normative claim (what you want). Not a nominal one (what is). Completely irrelevant, the UK cannot be outside of Europe geographically because of your feelings.


Not with that kind of attitude! We have machines that can consume the Hambach Forest, and explosives powerful enough to crack landmasses. Sure, we might have to temporarily evacuate the populace near the border, so that they survive, but I'm sure we can evict England from Europe if we really put our minds to it.


At least you would need a sort of creative continental gerrymandering. ;)


Easily done with a few bagger 288.


Excuse the whataboutism, but how many Americans are arrested for “disorderly conduct” each day? (Which from my YouTube police footage watching appears to be “being an annoying arsehole in public” [1] ie a broadly similar moral misbehaviour)

> [1] An overt act or conduct in public (or affecting the public) that disturbs the peace, safety, morals, or order (e.g., fighting, making unreasonable noise, using obscene/abusive language or gestures, obstructing traffic, creating hazardous/physically offensive conditions, refusing to disperse).

Our online laws which Americans often seem to view entirely through the lens of free speech are more about public (dis)order. It’s not ideas that are being censored, it’s personal conduct online which may be harassing, threatening, abusive or may create a breach of the peace.


Similar in the UK, and there has been along history of the police misusing things such as "causing an obstruction" here


My understanding is that saying anything "grossly offensive" is illegal there, so it's not clear those police were blatantly overstepping their authority like in the case from the OP.


I don't think GP is advocating that the US become more like europe by increasing the authority of police officers.


I see a huge problem in increasing the authority of US police officers. They need to be held to much higher standards than they are now.


you pitch this and next election cycle you will out as soft on crime which is why this can only ever go (significantly) into the opposite direction unfortunately


We need a better system than this one.


Right, nor was that the suggestion of my comment. I just wasn't sure they were comparing how abuse of power is handled in different legal systems so much as how freedom of speech laws are handled.


[flagged]


Who cares? Well the grand parent post references Europe, it is presumably a response to that.


"most European legal systems" implies more than one system, they're most likely referring to the "European Union" and not the geographical continent of Europe, which the UK is not a part of anymore


Also, UK law was always very different from Continental legal systems, Brexit or no Brexit. I don't think any country on the continent has common law, relying on precedent more than on statute.


Generous interpretation.


My bad, I misread the thread, edited my comment to a no-op


The UK is famously no longer a part of the EU.


EU membership has nothing to do with being physically located in Europe.

The UK, Switzerland, and most of the former Yugoslavian states are not in the EU. Same for Iceland.


But one European countries legal system also doesn’t constitute “most European legal systems”.


That's completely wrong. The US legal system drew heavily from the British system, particularly any of the common law pieces (much of tort law, IIRC).


I deleted my previous comment, but no, it's not "completely wrong".

"drew heavily" != "the same"

I went to law school and I assume you did too; I'm not sure why you would say this lol

Among other things, the fact that the US has The Bill of Rights is turning out to be important when it comes to privacy and free speech issues.


[flagged]


They're almost quoting the headline from The Times that they linked to, which says:

  Police make 30 arrests a day for offensive online messages
Now, I suspect many of these offensive messages are in the form of stalking or are of an explicitly sexual nature, but last time this came up I couldn't find any sign that anyone had statistics to look up for this either way.


I live in the UK and am citing an article based on Freedom of Information requests.

The UK has a problem with free speech at the moment. This is why the https://freespeechunion.org exists.


The source is linked in his post. Did you not read the article? You should provide another source or address the data in the article instead of just asserting it's false with zero argument.


It's very easy to find that this statistics is discredited, the figures aren't for "offensive messages on social media" they cover a range of crimes. If the OP is at all interested in the topic, which their comment suggests they are, then they already know this and posted in bad faith.

I'm not going to prove fire is hot when the OP is asserting the equivalent of 'actually fire isn't hot the burn is caused by socialists'.


You can't just say the statistic is false; you have to provide evidence.


The UK doesn’t have free speech


Those 30 aren’t arrested for just for writing “social media posts” but for possibly “harmful communication including incitement to terrorism and violence, online threats and abuse, and unwanted communication via email and other means”

Of the 90% many will accept their fault and receive a caution or warning

Edit: and none of those cases would involve pretrial remand/jail


The vast majority of those arrested are just for mild insults, which are illegal under the censorious UK regime; not incitement to terrorism or threats.


I'm pretty sure it's threat of violence. Sure, in some of the cases, the threats are mild ('i will fuck you up'), but they are often repeated, which, to be clear, should be considered harassment in any case (and the fact that it still isn't in other countries is wild. Someone keeps sending me insults, I should be able to legally retaliate to make him stop, no?)


Do you live in the UK? This isn't true.

Here in the UK it is illegal to be grossly offensive online. Racism for example will have you charged under the Communications Act 2003.


Have the racists tried not being racists?


Not UK but in Germany you can face criminal prosecution for insulting the chancellor,

https://x.com/Pirat_Nation/status/2056692341399081235

While here in the UK you can be arrested and charged for saying mean things about the royal family on private whatsapp groups,

https://www.itv.com/news/london/2023-09-07/five-former-met-p...


The second one was for specifically racist messages - i.e. breaching hate speech laws - not just being mean.

I am opposed to criminalising hate speech, BUT I think its important to be clear its not just "saying mean things".


> The second one was for specifically racist messages - i.e. breaching hate speech laws - not just being mean.

Can you provide a definition of "hate speech" which doesn't also apply to "mean words"?

Are you suggesting racist words are a special category of mean words or something? If so why?


The law does provide a definition of hate speech that does not apply to mean words in general.

You assume we both know what is meant by "racist words" which implies it is a category that can be defined. Hate speech laws apply to more categories than race too. The wikipedia article has excerpts of and links to the relevant legislation and important cases: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate_speech_laws_in_the_United...


Hate speech is a subcategory of mean words that needs to be legally prevented for a just society where people are equal. Racist words are only hate speech if they are uttered and used in a discriminatory manner. Since whatever group is targeted by hate speech is the only group that can be harmed by the hate speech, they should be handled differently in the eyes of the law to ensure no one group is excessively discriminated against


Do you feel the same about homophobia, height discrimination, fat discrimination and other discriminatory behaviours? Or do you feel these are different enough that they should be treated differently?

I think I disagree with you on this, but I think what you've said is a perfectly valid opinion and appreciate your response. I'm sorry that it appears someone has downvoted you for disagreeing. This seems to be a new trend on HN and I wish people would stop doing it.


> Do you feel the same about homophobia, height discrimination, fat discrimination and other discriminatory behaviours?

The first is covered by current UK law, the other are not.

> I think I disagree with you on this, but I think what you've said is a perfectly valid opinion and appreciate your response. I'm sorry that it appears someone has downvoted you for disagreeing. This seems to be a new trend on HN and I wish people would stop doing it

Agreed. I upvote a lot of things I disagree with to counter unfair downvotes (including GP).


homophobia, of course, considering I myself am bisexual and have had relations with other women.

Height and weight discrimination depends on what is considered height and weight discrimination. Saying you need to be x height or y weight to do something? That's safety. People saying they'd only date someone above x height or below y weight? I bit shallow but that's personal preference. Saying everyone above 200 pounds is lazy and deserves to die of a heart attack? Maybe then it crosses the line into actual discrimination


> People saying they'd only date someone above x height or below y weight?

What about height and weight affecting career prospects?


Depends. Is there a reason to limit them (safety, they need to be big/small enough to do something, etc.)? if not, then it seems a bit discriminatory


> possibly “harmful communication including incitement to terrorism and violence, online threats and abuse, and unwanted communication via email and other means”

That's a lot of colorful language to say "words hurt".

I could point you to 30 BlueSky posts that would qualify.... posted in the last 5 minutes.


>Of the 90% many will accept their fault and receive a caution or warning

Why do you need to arrest someone just to warn them?


In the UK the police can detain you for up to 24hrs without a judge and extend it to 36hrs in some cases.

One case I read of a guy who got in trouble for a social media post, he was called into the station and they basically forced him to sign a paper otherwise he couldn't leave as they'd just keep interrogating him, where I'd imagine they threatened to get the courts involved unless he admitted he was wrong for doing it. Which is why most of them don't end up as convictions.

It's basically a very aggressive warning.

Example: https://www.aol.com/police-apologise-arresting-former-specia...

> Mr Foulkes was detained in a police cell for eight hours and questioned in relation to a potential charge of malicious communications. He said he ended up accepting an unconditional caution because he feared the investigation could affect his visits to his daughter in Australia.

Another https://www.foxnews.com/world/blogger-arrested-sharing-anti-...

> After being questioned for several hours, North was released without charge.


>In the UK the police can detain you for up to 24hrs without a judge and extend it to 36hrs in some cases.

So pretty much half the time than in the US. (County of Riverside v. McLaughlin)

-In the United States, police generally cannot hold you for more than 48 hours without formal charges or a probable cause hearing before a judge.


Yep pretty similar, technically in the UK they can go up to 96hrs if the police just ask a judge for an extension, even without formal charges. So about twice as long as the US's theoretical upper limit.

My main concern is the fact they are raiding peoples houses, taking electronics, and aggressively interrogating people for hours over a tweet, then pushing them to sign a document admitting they did something wrong without charging them. While everyone pretends they just got a 'warning' and it's not a big deal that this happens to thousands of people a year.


Given the met police chief thinks they shouldn't be doing this, I doubt that there isn't problem with the level of police involvement:

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/sep/03/met-police-c...


Great summary here of the kind of things people are arrested for and a bit more about the laws this refers to https://open.substack.com/pub/monkdebunks/p/are-30-people-a-...


Sorry, that is far from a great summary. It quite obviously sets out to prove that there is nothing wrong. Evidence for this includes arrests have increased from 5k 12k a year but the number of convictions has gone down. That is far from reassuring. It seems to be claiming that all arrests fall into "bad" categories and have nothing to do with political thought. That is misrepresentation. Also narrowing of the argument in a attempt to refute the whole problem.

Here's one horrible example:

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0j718we6njo

As an aside the police body cam footage one of the officers searching his house says "lots of Brexity books'

There are countless awful examples of arrests for online comments. Here's another:

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-merseyside-43816921

She posted the lyrics of her dead friends favourite rap song, and was convicted. How this even resulted in an arrest never mind court and conviction is beyond me.


I'm pretty sure most people will "accept their fault" for whatever claims you make if you hold a gun against their head.


I mean, this is exactly what the Tennessee sheriff accused this guy of doing. The Sheriff said that a meme referencing Trump saying that people 'needed to get over' a school shooting was actually a threat against the school.

This is the problem with going after 'harmful communication'. It is not something that can be defined precisely, which allows government officials to choose to interpret it in whatever way they want when the enforce it. Obviously in these cases, the courts ruled against the official's interpretation, but that didn't stop this guy from having to spend 37 days in jail before they released him.

As they say "you can beat the rap but you can't beat the ride".

While it is good that the UK version doesn't send you to pretrial jail, you still have to fight the charge. You have to respond, spend time in court, hire council, and hope you can convince the courts that your post doesn't fit the definition of incitement to violence.

This has a chilling effect on free speech, even if all the cases are eventually thrown out. This is a tactic the Trump administration has used repeatedly. Go after people in court for things that are clearly not illegal. You make the person fight the charges, both in court and in the public eye, and then the cases are dismissed eventually and the administration moves on. All it does is make people factor this in when deciding how to act; is my act of protest worth having to fight this in court?


> While it is good that the UK version doesn't send you to pretrial jail, you still have to fight the charge

The UK has much stronger protections at the start of this process though. Pre-charge detention is capped at 96 hours, charging decisions are by a professional, non-political, and non-elected governmental department who have accountability, political cases require sign-off right up the ladder, and bail is presumed in favour of release. You might get a police visit, worst case scenario an arrest and your devices seized, but it's also a case that will go nowhere because the CPS won't charge it. And you don't really get this whole "rogue sheriff" issue in the first-place, because we're not insane enough to politicize local law-enforcement.


And harmful communication can be "Fuck Hamas" which may be hateful, but not harmful.


When I log into AWS there is a big graph saying "Cost savings" and offers all the different ways to save money.

The idea that AWS is abusive seems a bit much to me. There is Amazon Lightsail for people who prefer pay-monthly upfront costs.


Have you tried to use this feature? From my experience it’s typically reserved instances that provide discounts for longer contracts. It feels a lot like cable TV to me. I think the interface is difficult to use but am able to get what I want from the CLI and some scripts I have aliased.


I love using AI to code, as it saves me a lot of boring and repetitive typing.

I only commit code that is roughly the same as I would have written anyway.

It feels as good for developer ergonomics as the move away from CRT monitors.


I think I’m lucky that I never enjoyed programming, I enjoyed thinking about problems. That makes AI coding great, because I’m good enough at programming that I can describe what I want easily to an LLM, and I can judge the results very well for myself. I read and understand each line so I know I’m not committing crap.


I feel similarly. I wanted to develop software, I didn’t want to “program”. I want my code to fix problems, I want the end result to feel great to use, I want it to be able to fix problems and feel great a year from now, too.

I want to be better month after month, I want to be able to discover new areas.

Using AI tools makes sense to me. It’s important that you don’t believe everything the hype men are telling on Twitter, but it would also be a mistake to believe there is nothing valuable in this technology.


Just how much boilerplate have people been putting up with for this to be an oft cited advantage of LLM usage? I know boilerplate has to exist somewhere, but I've been labouring these past couple decades under the assumption that boilerplate should be rare and to be avoided.


> It feels as good for developer ergonomics as the move away from CRT monitors.

I kind of think CRT monitors were much better for developer ergonomics than LCD because of the tendency to set modern monitors much deeper into the desk and have to lean forward to see them. CRTs forced you to sit with better posture


I've used a dynamically typed language extensively. I don't think they are suited for anything but small scripts.

Refactoring is a nightmare, as as types don't exist, the compiler can't help you if you try to access a property that doesn't exist.

I think generally people have realised this, and there are attempts to retrofit types onto dynamically typed languages.


To "realize" that it would have to be true. The longer I've stuck with untyped Python the more I've preferred it, and the more I've seen people tie themselves in knots trying to make the annotations do impossible (or at least difficult) things. (It also takes away bandwidth for metaprogramming with the annotations.)


It bugs me that there are two kinds of languages. Parameters and variables could be typed optionally in a dynamic language; either error in the compiler or at runtime; otherwise you just haven’t made any type errors while you coded and the code is fine either way.


This is what gradual typing (such as TypeScript, or the use of Python annotations for type-checking) accomplishes. The issue is that it basically always is bolted on after the fact. I have faith that we aren't at the end of PL history, and won't be surprised if the next generation of languages integrate gradual typing more thoughtfully.


The problem with these two languages is that the runtime type system is completely different (and much weaker) than the compile time one; so that the only way to be safe is to statically type the whole program.

CL has a pretty anemic type system, but at least it does gradual without having to resort to this.


JavaScript caught on because it was the best casual language. They've been trying to weigh it down ever since with their endless workgroup functionality and build processes. If we get a next generation casual language, it'll have to come from some individual who wants it to happen.


No, JavaScript caught on because at the time it was the only game in town for writing web front-ends, and then people wanted it to run on the server side so that they could share code and training between front end and back end.


It's not enough to just be first. It would have been replaced by now if it wasn't fit for purpose. Otherwise we might as well not bother to critique anything.


I used gtk2, it was ok, but I preferred Ubuntu's Unity interface when it came out.

Gnome 3 seems similar to Unity nowadays, and it is pretty good.

I find it much easier to use than Windows or Mac, which is credit to the engineers who work on it.


Do you run the models locally?

No local model for me manages to get function calling right.


Are you using LangGraph tool nodes? I run very small, non-RLHF instruction models with maybe a 2% failure rate on response format matching tool definition. I would also guess you do not have your orchestration and pipe configured correctly.


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